Trending news: Heatwave in India: 90 percent of India in the grip of severe heat, entire Delhi in danger zone

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Study Claims: It is already scorching heat in India. According to a new study, extreme heat waves in India are becoming increasingly severe due to climate change. More than 90 per cent of the country’s people are in the ‘high alert’ or ‘danger zone’ in terms of extreme heat. The study by Ramit Debnath and his colleagues at Cambridge University has shown that Delhi is particularly vulnerable to ‘severe’ heatwaves. However, the recent State Action Plan for Climate Change does not reflect this.

According to the study, extreme heat and heatwaves are making India’s progress towards achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals more difficult than ever. Due to this, the existing assessment metrics are not able to fully assess the impact of extreme heat associated with climate change on the country. M Rajeevan, former secretary of the Ministry of Earth Sciences, wrote a paper along with scientists Kamaljit Ray, SS Ray, RK Giri and AP Dimri. According to this, heatwave has killed more than 17,000 people in India in 50 years.

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706 incidents of heat wave from 1971 to 2019
In the paper published in 2021 written by Rajeevan, it was said that from the year 1971 to 2019, there were 706 incidents of heat wave in the country. At the same time, 13 people died of heatstroke at an award function of the Maharashtra government in Navi Mumbai. It became one of the highest number of deaths in any heatwave-related event in the country’s history. To assess India’s climate vulnerability and the potential impact of climate change on SDG progress, researchers from the University of Cambridge analytically calculated the country’s heat index along with the Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI).

In a paper published in the year 2021, it was said that from the year 1971 to 2019, there were 706 incidents of heat wave in the country.

What is Climate Vulnerability Index?
The heat index is a measure of the heat felt by the human body due to temperature and humidity. The CVI is a composite index, which uses various indicators for socioeconomic, livelihood and bio-physical factors to study the impact of heatwaves. The researchers used publicly available data on state-level CVIs from the government’s national statistics and analytics platform to classify the severity categories. They then compared India’s progress on the SDGs over the 20 years between 2001 and 2021 with extreme weather-related mortality between 2001-2021.

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Difference between Heat Index and CVI?
The study revealed that more than 90 per cent of India is in the ‘very alert’ or ‘at risk’ category of heatwave impacts through the heat index. At the same time, under CVI, ‘low’ or ‘medium’ is considered vulnerable. The states which were placed in the ‘low’ category in the CVI ranking were found to be in the ‘dangerous’ category in the heat index. This suggests that heatwaves place more people at risk of extreme climate across India than the CVI estimates. The authors of the study conclude that the use of CVI can reduce the true burden of climate change related to heat. Also suggested that India should consider re-evaluating its climate vulnerabilities to meet the SDGs.

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What special warning has been given to India
The study report warns that India’s progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals could slow down if the effects of heat waves are not addressed immediately. The current heat-action plan, designed and implemented according to the Delhi government’s vulnerability assessment, does not include heat index projections, leaving ‘low’ climate-sensitive areas in India’s capital at high heatwave risk, study says . It states that higher intensity of development in Central, East, West and North-East districts may increase HI risks through heat island formation.

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If the effects of heat waves are not addressed immediately, India’s progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals could be slow.

What temperature would be considered a heatwave?
The authors said that slum population in Delhi, overcrowding in high heat index zones, and lack of access to basic amenities such as electricity, water and sanitation will add to the heat. Also, the lack of health care and health insurance will also add to it. Poor housing conditions and cooking fuel will also add to the heatwave. When the maximum temperature of a place reaches at least 40 °C in plains, at least 37 °C in coastal areas and at least 30 °C in hilly regions, the region reaches the threshold of heatwave.

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Temperature will be above normal till June
The India Meteorological Department has predicted above-normal temperatures in most parts of the country till June, except in the north-west and peninsular regions as early as April 2023. During this, more than normal windy days have been expected in most parts of Central, East and North-West India. February this year was the warmest February in India since record-keeping began in 1901.

Severe heat will affect GDP
Above normal rainfall in March kept the temperature low. March 2022 was the hottest ever and the third driest in 121 years. This year is also the third warmest April since 1901. About 75 percent of workers in India suffer from heat-related stress. A report by McKinsey Global Institute warned that if the trend continues, the country could lose between 2.5 per cent to 4.5 per cent of its GDP per year by 2030.

Tags: climate change, global warming, heat waves, New Study, summer



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